圖書典藏及影音數位平台

為瞭解高屏溪流域河川水質遭受污染情形，針對重要污染點進行水質採樣檢測，據以策劃、管考、協調改善確保水資源之清潔，以維護生態體系，改善生活環境及大高雄地區引用高屏溪水源供應飲用水之水質水量問題，並以檢測結果作為加強及稽查以後年度持續辦理之依據。

The main objective of this project focused on continuing the river water quality monitoring for the 14 points selected by the Kao-Ping River Basin Management Committee. In addition to the regular quarterly monitoring work for these points, other 25 points were also sampled and analyzed in accordance with the Committee’s request. The routine water quality monitoring data from Environmental Protection Administration (EPA) and Southern Region Water Resources Office of Water Resources Agency were also compiled together in order to evaluate the river water body quality as a whole. In general, most of the points in the upstream of Qi-Shan River, Mei-Nong River, Lao-Nong River, Ai-Liao River and Gao-Ping River mainstream were in good condition, mostly in non- (or slightly-)polluted level. However, due to part of the points being affected by higher suspended solids contents in the rain season, the pollution levels of some rivers were downgraded to medium-polluted level from non- (or slightly-)polluted level. The water quality of midstream and downstream of Gao-Ping River was worsen due to the organic pollutants flew from Wu-Luo drainage, Niou-Chou, and Wan-Dan drainage. The water quality in the upstream of Gao-Ping River Weir (C02) maintained in a certain lever. However, in the downstream, the RPI risen quickly, which indicated the pollutants flowing into main stream (Fig. 5.1.1-2 and 5.1.1-4). The mercury concentration of Zhong-Tan Bridge, Mei-Nong River confluence and Zhong-He embankment exceeded the standard. The copper concentration of Xin-Wei Bridge (season 3 and 4), Gao-Mei Bridge (Sean 3), San-Di-Men Bridge (Season 3 and 4), Gao-Shu Bridge (season 3)and Wan-Dan Drainage Bridge (Season 2 and 4) exceeded the standard. The zinc concentration of Wan-Dan Drainage Bridge (Season 2) exceeded the standard. The exceeding of mercury in season 1 is accidental according to the double check done by our team. The copper concentration in this project and the monitoring points of EPA both exceeded standard. The monitoring points of EPA includes Xi-Men Bridge (Mar.), Liu-Gui Bridge (Mar.), Li-Gang Bridge (Mar.), Ai-Liao Bridge (Mar.), Nan-Hua Bridge (Sep.), Li-Ling Bridge (Mar.), Gao-Ping Bridge (Sep.), and Wan-Da Bridge (Mar. and Sep.), It is speculated that the phenomenon is related to the suspended solid. The heavy metal pollution in sediment is serious in Wu-Luo and Niou-Chou River drainage. The pollution source might be the wastewater of livestock farm and electroplating, leather, metal surface treatment industry. All of the nickel concentrations in 4 points are all below the limit. The concentration of Niou-Chou drainage, 72.9 mg/kg is abnormal, and others (San-Zhang-Bu drianage, Wu-Luo River and Wan-Dan drainage)are between 24 to 36 mg/kg, which might because of the background. Taiwan is located in a volcanic earthquake area, full of metamorphic serpentinite. The concentration of nickel in serpentinite is 10 times higher than the soil pollution control standard (200 mg/kg). The solubility and mobility of nickel is high, which makes it to be easily washed into sediment.

這份報告總結了2016年高屏溪流域的河川水質監測結果。研究人員對14個固定監測點進行了季度採樣，並對額外的25個點進行了不定期檢測。 **主要發現：** * **上游水質良好：** 旗山溪、美濃溪、荖濃溪、隘寮溪及高屏溪主流上游的水質大致良好，多為「未稍受」至「輕污染」等級。 * **降雨影響：** 部分測站因降雨導致懸浮固體濃度升高，污染等級由「未稍受」轉為「中度污染」。 * **中下游污染：** 高屏溪主流中下游水質較差，受武洛溪排水、牛稠溪及萬丹排水匯入的有機污染物影響。 * **重金屬超標：** 第一季在中壇橋、美濃溪匯流處及中和堤防發現汞超標，銅和鋅也在部分測站超標。經複查，第一季的汞超標被判定為偶發事件。銅超標現象與懸浮固體濃度可能有關。 * **底泥污染：** 武洛溪排水和牛稠溪排水的底泥重金屬污染較嚴重，可能源自養豬戶及相關工業廢水。 * **鎳含量背景值高：** 部分測站的鎳含量超過標準，推測與台灣地質背景（蛇紋岩）有關，其鎳含量遠高於土壤污染管制標準。 **建議：** * 持續監測並加強對武洛溪排水、牛稠溪和萬丹排水等嚴重污染河段的稽查。 * 建議相關單位提供水質及流量資料，以利建立流域污染量基本資料，作為污染改善和緊急應變的依據。 * 水質檢測項目不宜任意變動，以確保資料的連續性和可用性。