圖書典藏及影音數位平台

高屏溪流域，水資源相當豐沛，廣厚地下含水層透水性良好，為台灣主要地下水資源地區之一，惟因降雨時空分布極不平均，造成豐枯水期變化明顯，加上近年來氣候變遷的因素，豐枯水期降雨差距更大，降雨特性的改變，直接或間接影響地下水補注效益，爰地下水資源管理亟需有所因應與規劃。 本署在高屏溪流域具有眾多長期的地面水及地下水監測資料，若能透過加值分析，提供實用性的資訊，分析萃取地面/地下水資源交互作用機制，藉由資訊整合平台展示集水區水文資訊，即時掌握及預測地下水位變化趨勢，將能即早針對當地地下水文情勢，提出因應對策。本計畫藉由蒐集與整理高屏溪流域內眾多流量站、地下水觀測站、水文地質等長期觀測資料，分析全流域的降雨、河川流量、地下水間的關係，利用資料探勘技術建置全流域智慧型長短期預測模式，並開發展示於資訊整合平台，俾作為台灣地下水資源管理方式之參考依據。

The Gaoping River basin is one of the main areas with groundwater resources in Taiwan. The basin possesses abundant water, and the aquifers of the basin are thick and highly permeable. Due to the indirect impacts of changes in rainfall characteristics and geomorphological limitation on groundwater recharge, it is imperative to investigate the variation of groundwater resources for making effective management strategies on groundwater resources. The 1st year of the project investigated the interactive mechanism between surface water and groundwater over the Gaoping River basin. The main working items and results are addressed as follows. (1) The investigative data consisted of long-term hydrological, physiographic and meteorological data, and the missing data were reconstructed by interpolation techniques. Then the daily data collected from 13 rainfall stations, 12 flow stations and 126 groundwater monitoring stations during 1999 and 2014 were statistically analyzed to present the hydrological (groundwater) characteristics of the study basin. (2) By investigating the impacts of different hydrological events (typhoon, torrential rain) on groundwater, results indicated that intense rainfall would benefit groundwater recharge and the outflow of rivers was less. For example, the maximum daily rainfall of Typhoon Morakot reached 942 mm, which made significant effect on groundwater recharge in the different aquifer layers of the eastern basin; while typhoon rainfall less than 63 mm would made little effect on groundwater recharge in the basin. (3) The water balance between surface water and groundwater were investigated at daily, monthly and seasonal scales, respectively; and the results indicated that surface water and groundwater has high relationship at monthly and seasonal scales. (4) Groundwater outflow under different hydrological conditions was investigated through analyzing the relationship between natural groundwater recharge quantity and groundwater level. When ignoring human factors such as groundwater extraction over the Gaoping River basin, results indicated that the accumulated rainfall and average monthly river flow make significant differences between wet and dry seasons; while evaporation made insignificant difference between wet and dry seasons. Besides, groundwater level variation has high linear relationship with rainfall but has no linear relationship with evaporation. Results also indicated that the analyses of groundwater level variation based on rainfall, evaporation and river flow made during high or low groundwater level periods produced better results than those of wet or dry seasons. (5) The spatio-temporal variations of surface water and groundwater were classified by using data-mining techniques, and the analytical results of the whole area were substantially presented by tables and maps (Google Map, Google Earth), which can be a good reference to future study and decision making.