圖書典藏及影音數位平台

公共給水為一個國家發展程度之重要指標，而公共給水之配水管網位於水資源與民眾用水之間最後一道連結，其有效之管理與維護以保障民眾用水之權益與安全更為各國政府所重視。台灣地區發展公共給水事業已30年，雖已有自來水普及率大幅提昇，對配水管網管理維護之重視程度相較於先進國家仍有努力空間，特別是在漏水與水壓管理、配水池應用、管網水質管理、水理模式及其他資訊工具等之應用，仍有再提升之空間與其必要性。

Since 1976, the construction of public water supply network has been actively performed. Although the popularity of using tap water has increased, the management and maintenance of the water supply network are still insufficient in comparing with other advanced countries, especially in the water leakage monitoring and management. Hence, further improvement is urgent. This project aims to improve public water safety and lower water leakage rate by reviewing and revising the current administrative and maintenance system, comparing and contrasting both domestic and foreign public water supply network management and maintenance schemes, establish a water distribution piping systems model for leakage detection, tank application, water pressure and water quality management. The development of a standard operation procedure (SOP), standard maintenance procedure (SMP) and “Guideline of Public Water Supply Network Management and Maintenance”are also included as the improvement strategies for public water supply network management and maintenance in Taiwan. From foreign experiences, geographic information system is the most common system used to elevate the efficiency of water supply network. Besides, the application of pipe material, joint, water watch, equal-water pressure contour, PRV in nights and pumping operation project are all referable. As for new leakage detection techniques, CCTV, time integral leakage detector, transmission leakage detector and correlation method are skillfully applied in this field. Although the techniques mentioned above are matured, they should be applied properly after considering in every aspect. For this study, three execution stages were set. The short term goal is to build up GIS and SCADA for further pipeline replacement works. Leakage detection, water pressure management as well as chlorine residual will be the mid-term goal. The GIS should be updated accordingly during the pipeline replacement procedure. Hydraulic analysis model will serve as a tool to assist the management and maintenance works in the long-term plan. Finally, talents cultivation and training program is necessary to guarantee the quality of the improvement scheme implementation. The model “WaterGems” was used in this project for pipeline water pressure management, leakage detection, chlorine residual management and tank utilization. The water pressure management detection was performed in Sinjhuang First DMA. After comparing the simulation result with the past operation experience, the water pressure estimated by the model could save NT$150,000 in power bill and reduce 7,500 kg carbon emission. Moreover, Zhongshan DMA served as a research area to detect leakage spot by using site monitoring data and genetic algorithm. The result also shows the application of the model is capable of reducing acoustic detection cost. For chlorine residual management, the model simulation result could help determine the lowest concentration area in the network for further monitoring system installation. The monitoring result can be the dosing indication for water treatment plants. Hydraulic analysis model could also conduct scenario simulation, which can evaluate the distribution tank capacity needed in emergency circumstances. The research result shows that, base on a well developed GIS and SCADA system, the pipeline water pressure management, leakage detection, chlorine residual management and tank application can be implemented. Since the GIS and SCADA system in The Eighth Branch, Taiwan Water Corporation is more accurate and complete; the feasibility study of hydraulic analysis models, GIS and SCADA combination was performed in this project. The international conference includes topics of Tokyo leakage improvement experience, hydraulic analysis model application, leakage control and management in Taipei Water Department and public water supply network operation and management system in The Eighth Branch, Taiwan Water Corporation. All attendants regard management system establishment and implementation are as important as technique development. The trainees in the training programs believed the content of this course is contributive for future management and maintenance works. The application of hydraulic analysis model would also be a trend for its efficiency of manpower saving. Experts from several water associations as well as other relevant fields are invited for a project meeting to discuss the establishment of public water supply network standard operation procedure (SOP) and standard maintenance procedure (SMP) for the reference of“Guideline for Public Water Supply Network Management and Maintenance”next year.