圖書典藏及影音數位平台

為即時掌握河川流量水情，本署自94年起辦理自動化水位流量觀測示範站相關研究計畫，陸續採表面流速法及坡度面積法設置流量觀測示範站，本年度除持續分析該觀測資料且維護測站功能正常外，並配合現地全洪程觀測實測資料，評估檢討各測站之適宜性。另為改善全洪程觀測效率，降低觀測人員值勤風險，透過非接觸式表面流速儀適用性探討，更新全洪程觀測作業流程及手冊，做為本署後續設置應用之參據。

In response to rapid changes of climate and hydrologic conditions and the needs of water resources planning, hazard warning and ecological conservation. Executive Yuen approved “Taiwan Hydrologic Monitoring Modernization Integrated Project (Phase II Execution Project ) ”.Its purpose is to speed-up the establishment of a modern hydrologic monitoring network, to enhance the level of hydrologic monitoring planning and to strengthen the ability of flood warning. In accordance with the Phase II Execution Plan, Water Resources Agency, MOEA conducted projects to improve quality of works on river stage and flow rate monitoring by establishing standardized cross-sections to reduce errors on cross-section, water level and flow velocity monitoring condition and errors due to erodible beds. In yr. 2005, works completed on selection of monitoring river reach, on monitoring methodology, on equipment set-up and design. In yr. 2006 and 2007, pilot station on Tsengwen River and Touquian River were established, evaluation, river and planning of cross-sections for discharge monitoring stations for 25 rivers, under the jurisdiction of central government, were completed. In yr.2008, monitoring and reviewing pilot stations continued. Preliminary results revealed surface velocity and slope-area methods are both feasible in practice. In yr. 2009, continuing monitoring of the pilot station indicated that for middle to high peak discharge, estimate with slope-area surface velocity methods were more reasonable than those determined by discharge rationg curve. In addition, 15 monitoring stations were constructed using slope-area method.In yr. 2010, in addition to maintaining the function of the stations, evaluations of suitability of all station were also carried out. Furthermore, in order to improve efficiency of monitoring entire flood duration and reduce risk of personal, evaluation was also made on the use of non-contact surface velocity instrument. SOP and manual for entire flood duration observation were updated and shall be used by Water Resource Agency for reference. The following are summary of results conducted this year:1. Automated Discharge Gauging station Maintenance and Verification Evaluation of Monitored DataConduct maintenance of stations established in 2007 and 2008 and review of data transmission for stations established in 20009. The solar panel of the Tsengwen pilot station was located beneath free way bridge. The electric power system was unstable that led to undesirable results. At Touqiuan River pilot station, four surface current instruments broke down and was sent to factory for repair. In addition, signal cable was stolen 3 times and piers of Chongzen Bridge was subjected to severe erosion. It is suggested that instruments related to Chongzen Bridge be transferred to other locations for monitoring. For stations established in 2008, most were in normal function. Exceptions were out of order of recorders at Bazang River Bridge and Dachia River Bridge, of radar river gage instrument at Yili Bridge and of solar Panel power station at Bridge No.61 on Dachia River.Instruments which were setup in yr.2009 are still under warranty. Testing of data transmission revealed poor quality, and had been repaired and upgraded by the contractor. However, unstable condition still existed in some of the stations. The contractor has promised once successful transmission rate has reached 90%, the period of warranty will extend 1 year.2. Total Flood-Duration Velocity-Monitoring Scheme Renewal Study Flood-duration velocity-monitoring scheme renewal study included hand-held surface velocity instrument capability tests and total flood duration discharge measurements. The former tests included testing at Institute of Planning Hydraulic Research, at Cheng Kung University at Shinchong Gaging station in Tsengwen River, at Douliou Canal Intake and at the discharge of Tsengwen Power Plant. For total flood duration discharge monitoring, three monitorings were made during Typhoon Fanapi and Meigi. Data were also collected from river bureaus for determination of parameters. In all, manning n was determined for Lanyang Railroad Bridge station on Lanyang River, Chongshan Bridge Station on Yi Lan River, Choung pan Bridge Staion on Houlong River, a tributary of Bazang River and Tsengwer River Bridge.3. Evaluation and Renewal of Existing Flood Duration Monitoring Procedure the preliminary recommendation is to: increase the number of measurement at a given section during the flooding period; reduce the need of manpower by using more equipments; enhance preparation work prior to actual operation; measure cross-sectional area and perform bed material seize analysis immediately after flood; make use of high-tech product and produce standard float. In addition,“Manual for Total Flood Duraion Monitoring(Draft)”」was completed for use by river bureaus.4. Technical TrainingIn order to assert river bureau staff in understanding planning, deign, installation, operation and analysis, a training course was held on Dec. 7. 2010 at Tamkang University. Included in the training are parameter determination of slope-area method in automated flow monitoring station, in-depth evaluation of measurement spacing of hand-held surface velocity measurement instrument and general discussion.