圖書典藏及影音數位平台

為維持穩定與永續發展的公共給水，除了持續於相關設施進行更新與改善外，公共給水系統的永續管理亦為管理層面上相當重要的環節。考量「水」是一個非常重要的資源，如何用的最省，讓對整體環境造成的影響最低，以達到「永續利用」的目的，在推動公共給水系統的管理優化時，便必須加以考慮。為建構安全永續的公共給水系統，透過評估體系的建置與可行性研究，將有助於公共給水系統的發展與績效，爰推動本計畫。

This study assessed the experiences regarding the development and maintenance of water supply systems in various international organizations and advanced countries, such as the World Bank, World Health Organization, the United Nations, the United Stated, Japan, Australia, Netherlands, and Israel. The ideas and actions, benchmarking network and performance indicators from these countries were comprehensively reviewed to perform meta-analysis. Four critical including (1) source water variation, (2) service population and water quantity, (3) geographic distribution, (4) water treatment design, were used to select the five representative public water supply systems such as: (1) Banshin (New Taiepi City), (2) Taichung City, (3) Changhua County, (4) Yunlin County, and (5) Kaohsiung City. By conducting the background assessment and risk analysis, five key issues including (1) lack of integrated management and polluted source water; (2) limited functional capacity of water treatment plant with heavy load of pollutants; (3) instable hydraulic pressure and unsafe water quality amongst water distribution networks; (4) impaired finance, operation, and organization management of water company; (5) degradation and impacts on environment and ecosystem with increasing climate extreme events were proposed for domestic water supply systems. Consequently, the “Healthy source water, Green water treatment plant, Smart water distribution system” should be implemented to achieve the securisty ans sustainability of water supply system through the expert consultancy forum. To achieve the objectives of GIESS (Governance, Infrastructure, Environment, Safety, and Sustainability), five aspects of strategies correspondent to the critical issues were suggested as: (1) reinforce source water inspection and protection to maintain stable quantity and quality; (2) ensure clean water quality using multi-barrier measures; (3) develop water quality monitoring networks and warning systems; (4) perform integrated water resources management and benchmarking progress; (5) build capacity for adaptation to climate change in water supply system. Lastly, an integrated performance evaluation program for water supply system (including source water, water treatment plant, and water distribution network) comprising twelve categories of indicators: (1) service coverage (2) water accountant/ per capita use (3) water loss rate/ non-revenue water (4) metering/ charging/ pricing/ affordability (5) integrity of distribution network (6) cost/ benefit/ manpower (7) service quality/ customer satisfy (8) finance/ asset/ running (9) water quality multi-barrier (10) operation/ maintenance/ inspection/ renew and replacement (11) management/ governance and (12) environment/ conservation/ occupational health were developed. Moreover, the action plans were proposed to the government authorities for improving water security and achieving sustainable water environment.