圖書典藏及影音數位平台

台灣早期之河川發展與管理工作較偏重於治水、利水的水利設施，較少整體環境生態的考量，近年來生態保育觀念抬頭，民眾對環境保護需求殷切，然而現有之河川生態資料無法滿足水利工程單位進行生態環境保護之規劃、設計，本研究乃針對中港溪水系之主支流進行基本資料蒐集、河川區域調查、生物調查、生態資源資料庫之建立及生態工法建議，補充現有資料之不足，並整合提供各界參考。

The purpose of this two-year plan was to compile ecological information and current status on the Zhanggang River System in order to provide a basis for its ecological engineering planning and for establishment of its ecological resource database. In addition to the compilation of abiotic factors (physical conditions, water quality indices, engineering constructions, and recreation usages), we conducted seasonal biological surveys on algae, aquatic insects, shrimps, crabs and freshwater fishes in aquatic ecosystem , and on riparian vegetations, mammals, birds, reptiles, amphibians, and butterflies in terrestrial ecosystem. A ground survey indicated that the riparian areas had been highly disturbed by human activities. The upstream area was developed as agricultural lands, while the downstream region was intensively urbanized. The water pollution condition was getting worse from upstream to downstream, based on the standard by the Environmental Protection Administration. There was many recreation spots within the watershed. In the aquatic ecosystem, we collected 30 species of fishes, 19 species of shrimps and crabs, 24 species of aquatic insects, 10 species of conch shellfishes, 2 specie of annular animal, 129 genera of planktonic algaes, and 96 genera of attached algaes. In the terrestrial ecosystem, there were 70 species of birds, 12 species of amphibians, 23 species of reptiles, 15 species of mammals,86 species of butterflies, and 23 species of dragonflies. There are 7 endemic bird species, 3 conservation bird species, 5 endemic amphibian species, 3 endemic reptile species and subspecies, 2 conservation reptile specie, 1 endemic mammal species and subspecies, 4 endemic butterfly specie, and 2 endemic dragonfly specie along the Zhanggang River and its tributaries. In general, most of the species were typical animals that represented the ecological status in the region. Some of them, especially birds and butterflies, may be used as indicators for future resource monitoring. Totally, 541 species of plants were found. Of these 38 species are endemic. A resource database based on GIS technology was compiled. In the database, various layers of abiotic and biotic factors were digitized. These maps included administration, topography, river, human development, water survey, pollution index and biological resources. The survey results of this year will upload to the web-based query system that was established and installed by Water Resources Planning Institute,Water Resources Agency. The current ecological status in the Zhanggang River System indicated strong human disturbance. To have a better protection on biodiversity in this region, we provided various recommendations on how to design and to manage the river resources. Our work on the current status in the Zhanggang River System is only a beginning for effective management of the natural resources in the region. We expect similar work can be conducted in other rivers of Taiwan in the near future, and these data can be compiled in a well-designed database. These status reviews should provide a starting point for our river management work and, thus, a better environment for future generations.

這份報告是「中港溪水系河川情勢調查（1/2）」的成果，由經濟部水利署第二河川局委託禹安工程顧問股份有限公司執行。計畫旨在蒐集並分析中港溪水系（包括主流及主要支流）的生態資訊與現況，以作為未來生態工程規劃及資料庫建立的基礎。 調查內容涵蓋基本資料蒐集、河川環境調查（棲地、構造物、空間利用）以及生物調查（水域及陸域生物）。報告中詳細記錄了調查樣站的設置、調查方法、歷次調查成果，並探討了生態保育課題、外來種衝擊以及河川棲地與生物的關係。 調查結果顯示，中港溪流域受到人類活動的顯著影響，水質呈現由上游至下游逐漸惡化的趨勢。報告也記錄了豐富的生物多樣性，包括多種魚類、蝦蟹、昆蟲、鳥類、哺乳類、爬蟲類、兩棲類、蝶類、蜻蛉類及植物，並識別出部分保育類及特有種。 最後，報告針對河川環境管理提出了分析與建議，包括外來種防治、棲地多樣性營造、生態工法應用等，以期提升中港溪水系的生態保育與永續管理。