圖書典藏及影音數位平台

近年氣候變遷影響，臺灣常有超大豪雨與短時間強降雨事件，部份水文觀測儀器，在強降雨下，限於儀器特性與環境因素，影響觀測品質，恐延誤甚至誤判防災應變時機，而致危及生命財產安全。例如莫拉克颱洪期間，特別需要有準確之降雨觀測，更能加強掌握未來水庫入流與洩洪之研判。在強降雨下，其他如對於河川水位、抽水機布置、抽水站操作、淹水等等掌握，亦有需提昇水文觀測品質之必要。故如何掌握在強降雨下水文觀測之誤差，分析發展觀測前之檢校、觀測時之即時資料處理等等技術，並檢討分析相關配套，維繫與逐步提昇強降雨下水文觀測之資料品質，實值得研究。

Recent years, global warning affects weather hydrological extreme events occurred frequently. The performance of present hydrological observation system under heavy rainfall is often questioned. Newly developed equipment used in remote hydrological observation internationally give further problems on their integration with present system. Therefore, there is a need for inspection/calibration techniques for all hydrological observation system. To improve the dependability and accuracy of hydrological system, data processing and field operation standard are two most important issues. However, equipment calibration is the foundation for all. This is the first year of a two year project. The achievement of this year is as follows: 1. Literature review has been completed which includes interview with field officers. The problem with high intensity rainfall is summarized. The corresponding calibration range for different equipments is also suggested 2. According to the suggestion of WMO and requirements of TAF, we established the standard procedure for ticking bucket rain gage. Systematic error correction is provided and the calibration environment is constructed 3. For radar surface velocimeter, we established circular calibration channel and the corresponding calibration procedure. The standard for indoor calibration is at 45 angle and 0.7m distance. Concentration and surface particle/ripples do not affect the measurements. The comparison between the present system with TAF certified straight channel calibration system at WRPI is nearly identical. 4. There were 2 consulting meetings, 1 expert meeting and 1 technical transfer conference. All attendants agree to push forward the hydrological observation equipment calibration environment. 5. We have also completed the evaluation of the need of calibration environment. Remote water level gage should be the first to establish. Therefore, a preliminary system to examine the water level gage calibration system is established.