圖書典藏及影音數位平台

台灣地狹人稠，環境負荷壓力本就較大，不當的土地開發利用，以及過度的抽取開發引用地下水，造成了台灣西南部沿海地區嚴重的地層下陷，衝擊影響環境的結果讓這些地區嚐到排水不良、海水倒灌、海水入侵等洪氾溢淹苦果，加上台灣地區水文情況特殊，坡陡流短，自上游降雨至下游匯流不過數個鐘頭，所以每逢颱風或豪雨，便容易造成水患。再伴以溫室效應的影響，使得全球天氣異常、氣候極端，連帶造成降雨期集中、降雨強度提高，因而導致淹水的發生率大幅提升。舉98年重創台灣的莫拉克颱風為例，集中的豪大豐沛雨量便讓台灣多處地區發生嚴重的水災！尤其屏東為受創最嚴重的地區之一，由於林邊溪堤防潰堤，導致林邊、佳冬兩鄉遭大水淹沒，此外高雄縣山區超過2,000毫米的驚人雨量，一年份的雨量集中在三天內落下，使高雄平地淹水，許多部落與知名風景區受創嚴重。 面對大自然的無情反撲，災害應變、事先整備與演習、事後的復建以及整體減災的規劃等事項顯得益趨重要！因而水利署(以下簡稱本署)擬在全國篩選6處社區進行水患自主防災社區推動與輔導，期能結合社區防救災體系，運用社區工作專業方法，並整合社區內、外資源，激發民眾建立防災意識，提昇社區抗災、避災、減災之預防措施，以減少災損及保障民眾生命財產安全。工作內容包括輔導社區水患自主防災團隊建立，透過辦理社區水患防災教育講習，建立相關工作之運作機制與熟悉社區防災管理與自主檢查之工作，強化居民平時防災、災前整備、災中應變以及災後的復原知識等，期能透過本計畫之加強輔導以凝聚社區自主防災力量、提昇社區水患自主防災意識，建立社區自主防災組織，將水患災害發生時將損失降到最低。

The incidence of natural disaster is getting more frequent recent years, this is due to the global warming which has led to the extreme weather, heavy rain, floods, typhoon, and land-inundation caused by rising sea. Yet these situations will only getting more and more in the future of extreme climate. To help the populace establish the consciousness of precaution against natural calamities and disaster relief, strengthen the precaution against disaster, and increase populace’s self-precaution capability of disaster, then community self-precaution capability of disaster. We led the residents of each flood disaster prevention community to discuss the environment, hazard location, disaster prevention measure, and explain the SOP of flood evacuation to them via workshop. To proceed the community precaution through disaster map and measure discussion, we also made the residents realize the contents of disaster prevention program, the organization members, the task-assign, and the evacuation lines and shelters, therefore update and strengthen the map, plan and marshalling. Through the process of building the independent flood disaster prevention community, we hope to stimulate populace’s identification toward precaution against disaster and convey the importance of awareness of precaution against disaster. Also, we hope to have the populace’s attention to the community sustainable development, so the community could have the capability to carry on by themselves and then frame a safe, healthy, comfortable and sustainable living home. Key word: Disaster Prevention for Community, Flood, Disaster Resistant community.