圖書典藏及影音數位平台

現行台灣使用水災後現場調查淹水範圍，亦或藉由水災中洪痕量測淹水範圍等方法，並無法即時反應災害情況進行應變處理。本計畫規劃設計自記式水位監測系統以準確評估洪害期間淹水範圍，淹水深度及災損程度，計畫範圍乃根據歷史資料選擇宜蘭縣最易淹水區域之新南地區，設立自記式水位監測系統，並藉正射影像圖及空載光達(Light Detection and Ranging，LiDAR)技術產製0.5m×0.5m網格之Digital Elevation Model(DEM)資料，提高淹水範圍監測之精度，且整合地理資訊系統之分析與展示，建立完整即時水位監測與淹水深度範圍分析系統，再藉由數次洪災過後，派遣專員現地調查，配合洪痕量測現地最高之水位，可完整記錄現地水情資訊，依據現地水情資訊不斷修正淹水範圍參數，使淹水數值模擬之檢定、驗證及模式修正不斷循環，達到系統永續發展之特性，依據淹水範圍及深度推估災損狀況，並期望此計畫對未來發展台灣淹水預警系統及防汛安全之建置有實質且重要助益。

It is fully realized that absolute immunity from flood damage is not physically possible even in the distant future because of unpredictability of several natural forces which might cause unprecedented situation. Even so, with proper planning and continuous effort we can certainly look forward to an appreciable diminution of distress with an accelerated implementation of flood management measures. It is commonly accepted that the measures to mitigate flood losses need to be given the most efforts wherein flood damage estimation is the primary measure of mitigation. This has been viewed mainly as a physical method of protection from floods. As a first step, a floodplain of SinNan area is undertaken as the study area that would naturally be affected by flooding in such a way that a river rises above its banks, or high tides and stormy seas cause flooding in coastal areas. Generally the satellite photograph is about 20 X 20 metres and may not yield very precise idea of the measurement. In order to increase the accuracy of measurement, 1/1000 aerial photographs for the study area are made as well as the Digital Terrain Model (DTM) with 50 X 50 cms resolution was produced all thru Light Detection And Ranging，LiDAR. This DTM is used with a hydraulic model for simulation of flooding extent and depths while a net-work of observation stations where gauges have been installed in order to record river flow, flood depth etc. and then assess its effectness. And other available topographic maps have been utilized as well to study direct economic damages. The present position regarding maintenance of rain gauges, recording of rainfall, transmission of data, post-disaster data collection etc., need to be streamlined as use for the regional flood damage assessment of the economic losses such as crops, houses, property, public utilities etc. There is a lot of spatial distributed information involved in and GIS was used in this study to build up geo-database and to do spatial analysis for a more rational algorithm for flood damage assessments. Flood data are crucial for the net-work of this project while typhoon-induced flood events during the summer seasons may be the major contribution. The net-work should come into operation within 9 months in this year and it expects to result in the regional flood damage assessment in SinNan area of major agricultural until then. This study was conducted by two graduate students under the supervision of Dr. Hui-Mi Hsu, National Ilan University and focused on the effectiveness of flood damage measures in the Yilan agricultural region.