圖書典藏及影音數位平台

為了維護居民生命財產安全及發展經濟，多年來興設許水利構造物，無形中卻也影響河川環境生態。為降低工程的負面影響，水利署近幾年來努力尋找生物與環境間的關係，即是希望透過此一關係瞭解工程設置或相關管理措施對生物所造成的影響。過去曾嘗試辦理魚類適合度曲線的相關研究，以流速、水深及底床粒徑等工程人員孰悉的參數，透過調查、統計建立魚類適合度(喜好)的關係曲線，水利工程人員僅需透過水理模式即可瞭解工程設施對水理條件的影響進而推求魚類適合度的變化，相關曲線目前已有相當廣泛的應用。惟過去僅針對頭前溪、烏溪、楠梓仙溪等建置魚類適合度曲線，未能含括多數的臺灣原生魚類，且相同魚類在不同溪流亦有不同的曲線，因此本計畫將擴大辦理，並增加魚類生活史的探討，瞭解原生魚種生殖周期與對於自然棲地的選擇及偏好，以補充水理參數外的相關資訊，作為水利工程規劃及河川經營管理亟需的基本生物參數。除將相關成果建置資料庫以方便管理使用外，也將研擬魚類棲地適合度調查技術作業手冊，使調查方法與努力量標準化，讓後續的調查能有一定的品質要求與依據。

The purpose of this plan is to research into fish life history and to establish river native fish habitat suitability curves in different regions. Such as North, Central, South, and East of Taiwan, in order to provide a reference for water conservancy project planning and river management. The Zeng-wun River, which was selected for studying reach, is administered by central government and located in the southern Taiwan. During December 2017 to October 2018, totally 391 specimens of Deep-body gudgeon (Microphysogobio alticorpus) and 132 specimens of Southern Taiwan sucker loach (Sinogastromyzon nantaiensis ) located in Zeng-wun river, were collected to measure the external morphology traits including BL (body length), TL (total length), body weight, and the second sexual symbol such as nuptial tubercles and nuptial colorations. Then all the fish samples were soaked in 75% alcoholic solution and carried back to the laboratory to measure and analyze Condition Factor (CF), Gonadosomatic Index (GSI) and Hepatosomatic Index (HSI). Egg numbers and diameters of the mature female individuals were counted as well. It showed that January to Feburary and after August might be gudgeon’s two different breeding periods, and June to September might be Southern Taiwan sucker loach’s breeding period but need furthur information to confirm. As the estimation of fecundity shows, the average egg number was 4,257 eggs/individuals and 0.427 mm in egg diameters (N=31) in gudgeon, and the average egg number was 2,459 eggs/individuals and 0.279 mm in egg diameters (N=12) in sucker loach. But we will discuss and analysis after the completion of the annual sampling analysis is done. We made monthly collections and investigations of fish from January to November 2018. The 700 sampling grids (1.5 m × 3.0 m) were sampled with electro-fishing at 70 stations. Each with 10 grids for habitat suitability curve (HSC). In the fish micro-habitat investigation, a total of 24 species ,which were belonged to 10 families of fishes with 4,980 specimens, were collected in the end of the investigation. The population of dominant fish is Opsariichthys pachycephalus (20.7%). During the investigation, the range of water pH is between 7.5 to 8.8, and conductivity of the water is between 126 μs/cm to 531 μs/cm. Moreover, dissolved oxygen in the water is between 7.28-11.06 mg/L. The occurrences and CPUE (Catch Per Unit Effort) of R. candidianus, A. paradoxus, O. pachycephalus, O. alticorpus and H. formosanus for the establishment of water velocities, water depths and river substrate HSC. Besides, the project is built River Native Fish Habitat Suitability Curves and Establishment of Database. User not only inquire fish HSC application and life history but also calculate Metrics included in the Index of Biotic Integrity (IBI) and Weighted Usable Area (WUA). Simulate Water conservancy structure influence of the river. And a format-converting mechanism was designed and the corresponding functions were developed for importing the simulating results into the database. An example case in Da-an River was simulated using CCHE-2D and used to verify the feasibility.