圖書典藏及影音數位平台

南化水庫位於台南市南化區，鄰近曾文水庫與楠梓仙溪，水資源來自曾文溪支流後堀溪、高屏溪支流旗山溪(越域引水)及其相關集水區，每日供應台南及高雄地區60萬立方公尺水量，並可支援高雄地區原水最大達每日50萬立方公尺，為台灣南部地區亟重要之水源設施。民國98年莫拉克颱風來襲，造成南化水庫淤積，迄今水庫庫容僅餘9,794萬立方公尺，嚴重影響水庫運轉操作及供水。 為穩定南部水資源調度、防止南化水庫持續淤積及因應未來新水源需求，經濟部水利署水利規劃試驗所(以下簡稱本所)自99年度起辦理南化第二水庫調查規劃，南化第二水庫除可維持本身永續經營外，具有(1)促進南化水庫永續利用；(2)增加南化水庫及高屏堰系統聯合運用供水潛能；(3)提高水庫下游後堀溪防洪能力等3大功能。100～101年度完成初步規劃階段相關調查工作，並自102年度起辦理可行性規劃階段工作。 有鑑於政府推動水資源開發相關政策時，因過程中與民眾及利害關係人之溝通與說明不足時，引起民眾等因不了解執行內容及決策緣由，而反對與阻擾相關計畫推動，以致無法順利執行，降低政府施政成效，終將對民生福利帶來負面影響。故為有效確定南化水庫上游水資源開發所提之相關對策，能導入公民參與元素，將利害關係者及民間專業意見納入考量，做出符合民意及民生需求之最適當決策，達到推定政策目的。同時考量集水區周邊環境營造具有景觀生態及休憩機能之空間，以提供民眾優質的休閒環境。 故本計畫將延續前期「南化水庫上游水資源開發可行性規劃」透過景觀遊憩規劃及地方溝通宣導方式，達成地區產業及空間資源永續發展的理想成果。

1、Preface (1) Nan-hua reservoir is an essential water resource facility in southern Taiwan. Due to heavy rainfall caused by typhoons bringing loads of sand and gravel into the reservoir, its potential of retaining water continues to degrade. In order to stabilize the southern water resource’s dispatch, prevent the continuous sedimentation of the Nan-hua reservoir, and to cope with future water requirements, the feasibility of planning the upstream water resource development will be conducted. (2) This project is part of a research project from the “water resources development and feasibility planning for upstream of Nan-hua reservoir”, for which it focuses on the Hou-ku-tsi reservoir (Nan-hua second reservoir) and its catchment area, gathering basic information and conducting survey analysis, environmental landscape construction, analysis of cross-field value-adding scheme, public participation, and analysis of promoting strategy, work presentation, and report editing and publishing. 2、Basic information collection and survey analysis (1) Natural environment survey and analysis The catchment area of Hou-ku-tsi reservoir is approximately 77 km2, with an average annual precipitation of 2,966mm. The precipitation between May~Oct accounts for 90.8% of the total amount. During the plum rain season and typhoon season when the peak flows occur, the wet and dry distribution is quite uneven. In the catchment area, there are six streams DF038~DF043 subject to mudslide potentials. (2) The developmental background of this project area 20 years after the Selai Temple Incident in 1915, people from Pu-li began to cultivate the land in Guanshan village. By 1965, river terraces and shallow hills have been fully reclaimed. (3) Social environment The catchment area of Hou-ku-tsi reservoir belongs to Guanshan village of Nan-hua district. By July 2017, the registered population is 306 households with 1,089 residents. The outbound traffic of Guanshan village is mainly road 179 based, which 2.5~3.5K is categorized as sidewalk and does not comply to road design specifications. Road section 4~5K often encounters landslides. Road repairing costs from 2001~2016 has reached $520 million. The majority of the land in Guanshan village belongs to public property, under the jurisdiction of the Forestry Bureau and the National Property Administration. Private property only accounts for 0.38Ha. Among the 46 forest compartments authorized by the Forestry Bureau, 771Ha of land are on lease; 52 sections approximately 144.6Ha of national property are currently booked for lease. Local residents use private land or leased land to grow mangos or bamboo sprouts, and also Brown Sugar Grange which produce handmade brown sugar, as well as promote eco-tourist activities. (4) Relevant laws collection and analysis Hou-ku-tsi reservoir is subject to Article 11 of the Water Supply Act use restrictions, but also has the right to receive compensation stated in Article 12. In addition, the government has set a “Notice of water resources conservation and compensation fee reward for discontinue of organic cultivation and tree planting at protected forest farmland”, to encourage protecting the quality of water resources in catchment areas. The catchment of this area is mostly forest lands, which are also subject to the Forestry Act and relative administrative orders. 3、Analysis of public participation and promotion strategy (1) Review of major issues The promotion of Hou-ku-tsi reservoir has impacted local workers, culture, geography, industry, and landscape. (A) Issues on people includes the relocation of current residents, to maintain or compensate for agricultural insurance, the rights and interests of those who are not registered as local residents but have farmland in Guanshan village, live by the reservoir but have low drinking water quality, allocation of water resources conservation and compensation fee; (B) The cultural issues include maintenance of the Yao-ling temple, the relocation of Rueifong elementary school; (C) Issues on geography includes early purchased land which were not registered and have become national property, and in the future unreasonable to expropriate land by market price , the rights of those with or without lease agreement or transferred property should be maintained , in the future when sections of the Southern 179 road is flooded, there should be roads designated for people’s evacuation; (D) Issues on industry includes Hazards imposed on agriculture due to wild animals, the southern 179 road often encounters landslides affecting produce delivery, the loss and compensation of Brown Sugar Grange, the use of pesticide or fertilizer and their potential impacts on the reservoir’s water quality; (E) The issues on landscape includes landscape and ecological resources, how to sustain or consider eco-protection and firefly watching activities. (2) Relevant groups and workshop of local residents On account of matters concerning the public, the major public participation and strategies include (A) to focus on ecological resources and eco-tourism, including making community resource maps, arranging workshops to encourage public participation, participation in local firefly watching activities and planning of habitat conservation workshops (B) to focus on matters concerning local people. As an approach to enhance public participation, 10 workshops of relevant groups and local residents were proposed, with a total of 530 participants. (3) Database set up The database of this project consists of 3 major file folders including environmental landscape construction, public participation, and GIS graphs. With the compilation of recreation locations survey results, the overall planning of landscape and recreations, videos for promotion, 10 workshops to manage records and GIS graphs, which can provide experience share for other projects. (4) Advocating product This project provides pen with an advertising paper rolled-in as an advocating product and neighborhood resource maps. 1,000 advocating pen were produced, which 560 of them were distributed at workshops and while visiting local people. 1,000 copies boxed version of neighborhood resource maps were produced and 1 enlarged copy of 6.4m×7.2m canvas-textured output. The boxed neighborhood resource maps were distributed among Guanshan village residents and Rueifong elementary school, Yushan elementary school, Nan-hua district office and other relevant units at a total of 733 copies. The enlarged version was given to Rueifong elementary school at the 10th workshop for education purpose. (5) Promoting strategies and analysis Nan-hua reservoir is an important water resource in Tainan, by utilizing Jiaxian weir, desilting tunnel (under construction), dike (under planning), Hou-ku-tsi reservoir (under planning) are important approaches to sustainable use and improving the Nan-hua reservoir. The driving approach of Hou-ku-tsi reservoir needs to consider engineering technology, social economics, ecological protection. In terms of engineering technology aspects, the geology, hydrology conditions, and reservoir construction technologies are feasible; In terms of the social economics, the public’s concerning issues need to be handled soundly, especially the necessity requirement surveys and planning should be handled as soon as possible; In terms of the ecological protection, the EIA and environmental education should be conducted at suitable times. 4、Environmental landscape construction (1) Landscape recreation resource survey and analysis The 4 existing cultural resources include Yuan-chi-lu leisure park, Yao-ling temple, Rueifong elementary school, and Nan-hua reservoir; The 4 Ecological resources aside from wild animals include mango and pineapple orchards, Brown Sugar Grange, Daguanlang firefly watching trail; The 7 scenic landscapes include Nan-hua Valley, pancake rock, Chuhuozi, San-tai sacred tree, West ali-guanshan, three-county boundary, two-county boundary. The 4 indicators adopted include characteristics of the landscape resources, environmental education potentials, transportation features, investment and management requirements, and 18 factors. The assessment result showed that Daguanlang firefly watching trail scored highest, followed by Nan-hua reservoir site, two-county boundary, San-tai sacred tree, and Chuhuozi. (2) The overall landscape planning of areas adjacent to the reservoir Hou-ku-tsi reservoir’s catchment area is located in the tawater quality and quantity protection area, and should avoid large-scale development which may pose risk to the reservoir’s water quality. Based on the resource feature analysis and inconsideration of the estimated tourists, this project proposed a “1 line, 2-point, 3-zoon” planning scope, with an estimated construction cost of $76.3 million, which can be divided into 2 stages of development. Catchments outside the development area will remain in current state, not to be developed. (3) Animated simulation of reservoir functions This project will produce films for promoting purposes, the video script will include 5 units in the order of preface, subject description, concept introduction, sediment discharge animation, listening and prospect, playing 12 minutes in total. The video is dubbed in Mandarin and Taiwanese as well as captions. The “animated simulation of reservoir functions” is in the “sediment discharge animation”, presented in 2D or 3D. Considering different audience type, the animation has been made into a professional version, a general version and a public version. (4) 3D reservoir model and flight simulation The 3D reservoir model is presented in the “concept introduction” and “listening and prospect” units as mentioned before. The flight simulation is presented in the “listening and prospect” unit. 5、Research on cross-field value-adding scheme (1) Description of cross-field value-adding scheme Traditional water resource (ex. lakes, reservoirs, weirs) have much regulatory restrictions and external benefits are regulated by other authorities, which adds difficulties in reaching a cross-field value-adding effect. (2) Relative case studies With reference to the Naiaozuitan artificial lake, Tianhua reservoir, the 6-star value-adding concepts regarding organic produce in Hualien and Japanese case, it is deemed that the “6-star organic produce value adding plan” is much likely accepted by local people. (3) Issues concerning the public The local people have long been promoting environmental education and firefly-watching activities. To combine environmental development plans or water resource with local environmental development education is a practicable developing direction. (4) Cross-field value-adding study This project proposes a Yao-ling temple service center, Pingkeng eco-observation zone and a water resource educational park, which may combine environmental construction plans or water resource with local environmental development education. The planning of 2 marathon tracks beginning from Yuan-chi-lu leisure park and Silaya visitor center can also serve to boost local economy.