圖書典藏及影音數位平台

臺北水源特定區位於大臺北都會區東南隅，面積廣達717平方公里，行政區域涵蓋坪林、烏來全區及部份石碇區、雙溪區與新店區等5區，約佔新北市1/3，並供應大台北地區近500萬人之自來水水源，為全國首例設置之水源特定區，故長期而持續之水質監測之對於本特定區之相關管理作業至為重要。本局歷年皆依據行政院環境保護署所規劃訂定之相關監測規定及項目進行本特定區之水質監測，並配合水位流量之長期觀測，持續建立完整之水質水量資料庫；因確實掌握本特定區內之水文狀況，故曾針對不同之需求與標的進行水文情勢分析及相關之評估檢討。 本計畫亦將彙整歷年之水位流量監測資料，進行區域性水質水量之整合分析；冀以掌握本特定區水資源與水環境之變遷趨勢，並作為日後水資源系統分析及規劃設計時不可或缺之參考依據。

The hydrological data collected by rainfall stations and flow stations managed by the Taipei Water Management Office in 2016 were sorted in this study. Nine works were finished in this study: (1) hydrological data collected by rainfall stations and flow stations managed by the Taipei Water Management Office in 2016, (2) water level and discharge monthly measurement and during typhoon events, (3) hydrological station inspection and notification for abnormal condition, (4) suspended load concentration measurement, (5) rating curve regressed from water level and flow discharge, (6) collection for rainfall and water level real-time data, (7) Checking and updating the data on hydrological database, (8) monthly report submission, (9) future hydrological measuring works planning and suggesting. Shape of river cross-section for each flow station was measured four times in this year at least. The shape variation of river cross-section on Lan-Sheng Bridge was not yet stable, so it needed to measurement continuously. Fifteen times for medium and high flow discharge were measured on Shui-Yuan Bridge, Da-Lin Bridge and Jin-Gua-Liao Bridge in the Typhoon NEPARTAK, Typhoon MERANTI, Typhoon MALAKAS and Typhoon MEGI. The measuring flow discharge was useful for the regressing between the water level and flow discharge after building groundsill works in the downstream of Shui-Yuan Bridge. Annual rainfall, Three-year moving average and Ten-year moving average of rainfall on Taipei water source district has slightly increased year by year, but not significant. There is an obvious trend of change for days with no rainfall and the days of heavy rain occurred in the years. The maximum continuous days with no rainfall and days with extremely heavy rain didn’t change in each year obviously. There was no significant increase in one-day and two-day rainfall in the recent years. The rail fall brought by Northeast monsoon and typhoons was more than other years, so the total rainfall in this year was larger than that over the years. Futhure hydrological measuring works were suggested to focus on two works. (1)Automatic flow station should be installed at Wu-Lai Bridge to measure the flow discharge during typhoons on the Tong-Hou River. (2)Non- contacting CW radar could be used for the automatic flow station installation to measure the flow discharge during typhoon events and analyze the feasibility for automatic flow measurement. (3)The improvement suggestion for the measuring gage on the upstream of Shui-Yuan Bridge was to decline the indeterminacy and increase the accuracy of the measuring water level.